Although cats generally do not appreciate traveling or veterinary visits, an annual trip to Adamson Veterinary Services is just what the doctor ordered to ensure they remain in good health. Many cats spend the majority—if not all—of their time indoors, but they still require protection from various potentially life-threatening infectious diseases. That annual pilgrimage to our veterinarian can ensure your feline friend is protected against diseases through regular vaccination. Learn which vaccinations are essential for safeguarding your cat’s health.

Understanding cat vaccines

Vaccines are biological preparations that stimulate the immune system to recognize and fight off specific pathogens, such as viruses and bacteria. They work by introducing a harmless form of the pathogen or its components into the body, prompting the immune system to produce antibodies that protect your cat should they be exposed to the actual disease-causing agent.

Core vaccines for cats

Core vaccines are universally recommended for all cats, regardless of their lifestyle or environment. Core vaccines for cats protect against highly contagious and potentially life-threatening diseases, including:

  • Feline viral rhinotracheitis (FVR) — FVR, also known as feline herpesvirus-1, is a highly contagious respiratory infection that can cause sneezing, nasal discharge, fever, and conjunctivitis. 
  • Feline calicivirus (FCV) — FCV is another common respiratory virus in cats, causing symptoms similar to FVR, including sneezing, nasal discharge, and oral ulcers.
  • Feline panleukopenia (FPV) — Similar to canine parvovirus, FPV is a highly contagious and often fatal viral disease that affects the gastrointestinal tract, causing vomiting, diarrhea, fever, and severe dehydration. Kittens and unvaccinated cats are particularly susceptible to FPV.
  • Rabies — Rabies is a viral disease that affects the nervous system and is fatal once symptoms appear. Vaccination against rabies is important not only for your cat’s protection, but also because vaccinating pets is required by law in many regions to prevent the disease from spreading to people.

Non-core vaccines for cats

Non-core vaccines are recommended based on factors that include the cat’s lifestyle, risk of exposure to certain diseases, and geographic location. Some common non-core vaccines for cats include:

  • Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) — FeLV is a retrovirus that can lead to various health problems in cats, including anemia, immune suppression, and certain cancers. Cats at higher risk of FeLV exposure include those who spend time outdoors or live in multi-cat households where they could come in close contact with infected cats. While FeLV vaccination is considered a non-core vaccine for adult cats, it should be given to all kittens to provide initial immunity.
  • Feline bordetella — Bordetella bronchiseptica is a bacterium that can cause respiratory infections in cats, particularly in multi-cat environments, such as shelters or catteries. Vaccination against feline bordetella may be recommended in specific situations, such as boarding a cat or introducing them to a new multi-cat environment.

Vaccination schedule for cats

The vaccination schedule for cats starts when they are kittens with a series of vaccinations given at specific intervals to ensure optimal protection. Kittens should start a series of core vaccinations at around 6 to 8 weeks of age and continue every three to four weeks until they are about 16 weeks old. Then, they should receive boosters at regular intervals to maintain lifelong immunity.

The non-core vaccination schedule will vary, depending on the individual cat’s risk factors and veterinary recommendations. Some vaccines, such as FeLV vaccinations, may be given annually, while others may require less frequent boosters.

Vaccinating your cat is one of the most important steps you can take for their protection. By following your Adamson Veterinary Services veterinarian’s guidance on vaccination schedules, you can help ensure that your feline friend lives a long and healthy life, free from preventable diseases. Schedule an appointment with our team to set up your cat’s lifestyle appropriate vaccination plan.